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論理学・哲学・科学史・社会学などに興味があるので、その方面のことを書きます。更新は不定期。

グライスの「意味」

言語哲学者グライスの有名な論文「意味」は1957年に出版されたが、初稿が書かれたのはその10年ほど前だという*1。たしかに、邦訳の『論理と会話』に付けられた飯田先生の「グライス紹介」にも「発表は1957年であるが、もとの草稿は1948年に書かれたという」とある(p.358)。

邦訳の目次には出版年の情報が付けられていないが、原著の目次には章ごとに出版年が細かく記されている。それを見ると、Meaningは(1948, 1957)と記されている。飯田先生が「1948年」と書いた典拠はおそらくこれだろう。

wikipedia, "Paul Grice" には

See discussion of this history in Russell Dale, The Theory of Meaning, Chapter 1, endnote 31, p. 34.

とある。この著作はウェブ上で読めるようなので調べて見たところ、次のように書いてあった*2

Stephen Schiffer, Richard Grandy, and Richard Warner have all told me in personal correspondence that Grice originally wrote the paper for a seminar that he and Strawson were to give in 1948, but was reluctant to publish it. Strawson had the article typed out and submitted it for publication without Grice's knowledge. Strawson only told Grice after the article was accepted for publication. Stephen Schiffer has told me that Grice himself told him this story and Richard Warner has written to me that he also heard this story from Grice. The only person I have been able to find who has noted the 1948 date is Fogelin in his review of Studies in the Way of Words: "'Meaning'...was first published in 1957, and apparently given as a lecture almost ten years earlier in 1948" (Fogelin (1991)). But that "Meaning" was given as a lecture does not seem to be noted anywhere in Studies in the Way of Words and Fogelin doesn't mention a source for the information he provides.

 

*1:柏端『コミュニケーションの哲学入門』p.71n1

*2:The Theory of Meaning by Russell Dale; Chapter 1 Notes